Biology CLEP Prep Practice Exam

What is a cell's basic functional unit?

1. Gene

2. Chromosome

3. Nucleus

4. Organelle

The correct answer is: Organelle

A gene is a sequence of DNA that is responsible for the production of a specific protein. While genes play a crucial role in a cell's functions, they are not the cell's basic functional unit. A chromosome is a structure made up of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information. Each cell has multiple chromosomes, making them a necessary component for cell function, but not the basic functional unit. The nucleus is often referred to as the cell's control center, as it contains the cell's genetic material and regulates cell activity. However, it is not the basic functional unit as cells can still function without a nucleus. An organelle is a specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function. While these structures are essential for a cell's functions, they are not considered the primary functional unit as cells can still carry out their basic functions without these specialized structures. The basic functional