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What process allows cells to actively transport substances against their concentration gradient?

  1. OSMOSIS

  2. Diffusion

  3. Endocytosis

  4. Active transport

The correct answer is: Active transport

Active transport is the only process listed that involves active and energy-requiring transport of substances against their concentration gradient. Osmosis, diffusion, and endocytosis are all passive processes that do not require energy and only move substances along their concentration gradient. This is why they are incorrect choices.